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来源网站:百味书屋 2016-10-26 00:25:10
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篇一:英语课件

1、/i:/

/ni:/—knee膝盖/ni:d /— need 需要[in‘di:d] —indeed 真正地

Read the following sentence

(1)A friend in need is a friend indeed.

朋友需要的是真正地朋友

(2)Her knee need cure.

她的膝盖需要治疗

2. /ɑ:/

[ ɑ:t ] —art 艺术dark [ 'dɑ:k ]

Read the following sentence

(1)All dark like swimming. 所有的鸭子喜欢游泳

(2) I like art. 我喜欢艺术

3. / ?:/

/b?:d /—bird 鸟/ w?:k / —work工作

Read the following sentence

(1)The bird like flying in the sky. 这个鸟喜欢在天空中飞

(2)We must try our best to work.我们必须尽最大努力工作

4. /?:/

/‘st?:ri / —story 故事/ l?: / —law 法律

Read the following sentence

(1)All kid like listening to story.所有的小孩子都喜欢听故事

(2)We must obey the law. 我们必须遵守法律

5. /U:/

/ ‘nu:dl /— noodle 面条 [ fu:d ] —food 食物

Read the following sentence

(1)I hate noodles. 我讨厌面条

(2)Some food are bad for our health.一些食物对我们的身体有坏处

?

?

?

?

?

?

? 音标共有 48个

? 元音(20)[i:] [i] [e] [?] [ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]

? [?] [?:] [?] [ei] [ai] [?i] [?u]

? [au] [i?] [??] [u?]

? [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v] [s] [z]

? 辅音(28) [?] [?] [?] [e] [tr] [dr] [?] [?]

[?] [?] [m] [n] [?] [h] [r] [j] [w] [l]

(1) 前元音: [i:] [i] [e] [?]

前元音发音要领:

舌尖抵下齿, 舌前部向硬颚抬起, 双唇不要收圆。

[i:]

①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。

②嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。

注意: [i:]是长元音,发长元音时要比发短元 音 长 两倍以上。

[i]

①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚抬起,比[i:]低, 比[e]高。

②唇形扁平,牙床开得比[i:]宽,比[e]窄。

③可从发[i:]出发,将小指尖放在上下齿之间,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出[i]。

[e]

①舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起, 比[i:]低。

②唇形中常,牙床开得比[i:]宽, 上下齿间可容纳一个食指。

[?]

①舌尖抵下齿。

②双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平形, 两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。

⑵ 爆破辅音:[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

爆破音发音要领:

[p] [t] [k]是清辅音, 发音时声带不振动, 送气要强。

[b] [d] [g] 是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动,送气要强

[p] [b] 双唇紧闭,然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔。

[t] [d] 舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,然后突然下降,气流冲出口腔。

[k] [g] 舌后部隆起,紧贴软颚, 形成阻碍,然后突然离开, 气流冲出口腔.

⑶发音练习

?[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

?[i:] [i] [e] [?]

?[pi:] [bi:] [ti:] [di:] [ki:] [gi:]

?[pi] [bi] [ti] [di] [ki] [gi]

?[pe] [be] [te] [ke] [ge]

? [p?] [b?] [t?] [d?] [k?] [g?]

? [p?t] [b?g] [t?b] [d?k] [k?p] [g?t]

?[pet] [bed] [tep] [ket] [get]

?[pi:g] [bi:t] [ti:p] [di:g] [ki:t] [gi:k]

⑴ 后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]

发音要领:

①舌尖不触下齿, 舌身后缩,舌后部向软颚 抬起, 除[ɑ:]外,双唇要收圆。

②发[ɑ:][?:][u:]时要注意长度, 不要发得太短。

[ɑ:] 舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身平放后缩。

[?]

①舌尖不触下齿,口张大,舌身尽量降低并 后缩。

②双唇稍稍收圆。

③可先发[ɑ:],然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩,双唇稍稍收圆(不要突出)即可发出[?]。

[?:]

①舌后部比发[?]时抬得略高。

②双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出

[u]

①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。

②双唇收圆,稍向前突出。

[u:]

双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小, 向前突出,舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高

摩擦辅音:[f] [v] [s] [z] [?] [?] [?] [e]

摩擦音发音要领:

[f] [s] [?] [?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。

[v] [z] [?] [e]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。

发摩擦音时必须注意:

①软颚抬起,堵住到鼻腔的通道,但口腔通道不完全阻塞,留有窄小空隙,气流从中泄出时摩擦或振动成音。

②摩擦音可以延长而发音器官位置不变[f] [v]下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过,摩擦成音。[s] [z] 舌端及舌尖靠近上齿龈,但不接触,上下齿靠拢,但不要咬住,气流由舌端与上齿龈之间逸出,摩擦成音

⑶ 发音练习:

? c[si:] f[ef]

? good[gud] too[tu:] this[eis] is[is]

? these [ei:z] cat[k?t] dog[d?g] it[it]

⑴ 中元音:[?] [?:] [?]

中元音发音要领:

舌尖抵住下齿, 但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。 舌身的中部隆起, 扁唇(双唇不要收圆)

[?:]

①舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。

②牙床开得较窗窄,双唇和发[i:]时相似。

③注意长度,不要发得太短。

[?]

①舌中部抬起。

②牙床半开半合,唇形扁或中常。

③这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么 (me)”及 “了(le)”中的短促元音“e” 相似, 但英语的[?]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”长

[?]

①舌中部稍抬起。

②开口程度和[?]相似,唇形扁。

③从元音[?]出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出[?]

⑵ 破擦音:[tr] [dr] [?] [?] [?] [?]

破擦音发音要领:

[tr] [?] [?]是清辅音,发音时声带不振动。

[dr] [?] [?]是浊辅音,发音时声带必须振动。

破擦音是爆破音和摩擦音的结合,发破擦音时必须注意:

①憋住气流的发音器官(舌尖和上齿龈)分开得比较缓慢,而且立即跟着发一个发音部位相似的摩擦音。

②发破擦音时,先形成阻碍,在解除阻碍的同时舌尖向摩擦音的部位滑动,发出摩擦音。但这两步动作是紧密相连的,由一次送气来完成,不可发出两个独立的音

[?] [?] 软颚抬起,舌身形成发[?]音的姿势,但舌尖和舌端抵住上齿龈,形成阻碍。气流冲破这个阻碍后,舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭小的缝隙,发出摩擦的声音。

[tr] [dr] 软颚抬起,舌身作发[r]音的姿势,但舌尖抵上齿龈后部,以形成阻碍。气流冲破这个阻碍发出短促的[t]后立即发[r]。

[?] [?]舌端贴住上齿龈,堵住气流,然后略为下降,气流随之泄出口腔。

⑶ 发音练习:g[?i:] p[pi:] r[ɑ:] s[es] t[ti:]

she[?i:] sister[sist?]

(1)合口双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]

(2)双元音发音要领:

①由两个元音组成,发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动,但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。发音过程中唇形、舌位及牙床开合程度均有相应的变化。

②前重后轻,第一个元音响亮清晰。第二个元音轻弱模糊。

③ 前长后短,第一个元音较长。第二个元音较短促

[ei]

①由[e]向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音。

②发音过程中下颚和下唇向上移动,舌位也随之抬高。

[ai]

① [a]是个前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:]),和汉语普通话“a”音相似,发音时舌尖抵住下齿,舌位很低,舌前隆起。用扁唇或中常唇形,牙床开合度宽。

② ②从[a]向[i]滑动,不到[i]的部位就停止发音

[?i]

① 开始部分舌位在[?]和[?:]之间。

② ②由上述部位向[i]滑动,由圆唇变成扁唇,舌前部随之稍稍抬起。

[?u]由[?]向[u]滑动, 双唇由扁到略为收圆,但不到[u]的部位就停止发音。

篇二:英语课件

Unit 1 Topic 1

(

第二部分 基础知识运用

Ⅰ. 单项选择。(10分)

( )1.—_______ do you prefer, walking or running? —I like running better. A.What B.How C.When D.Which ( )2.—Are you going to _______ our English club? —Yes, I am. A.take part in

B.join C.took part in D.joined ( )3.The foreigners arrived _______ Shanghai _______ night. A.at; at B.in; at C.in; in D.at; in ( )4. Xu Xia and her teammates are _______ the U.S.A. next week.

A.leaving for B.leave for C.to D.left

( )5.Mr. Xiang is the best teacher in our school. He is good _______ teaching. A.for B.to C.with

D.at ( )6.I want to be a doctor when I _______. A.grow up B.talk about C.get up D.was born ( )7.I see Wei Han _______ English almost every morning. A.reads B.reading C.read D.to read ( )8.—Which team are you going to play _______ the day after tomorrow? —A team from No.7 Middle School. I hope we will win. A.about B.with C.for D.against ( )9.Sam spends two hours _______ his homework every day. A.to do B.doing C.do D.does ( )10.There _______ an English Party in our class next week. A.is going to have B.is going to be C.will have D.have Ⅱ. 情景交际。(5分)

选择方框中的句子完成对话。

Frank:Which do you prefer, swimming or skating? Sam: 11

Frank:Me, too. Do you skate much? Sam: 12Frank:What’s your favorite sport? Sam:Football. What about you? Frank: 13

Sam:Who is your favorite player? Frank:Yao Ming. 14 Sam:Ronaldo.

Frank: 15 Don’t miss it! Sam:Oh, I won’t.

A.Yes, quite a lot. B.And yours?

C.There is going to be a football game on CCTV5 this evening. D.I prefer skating.

E.I like basketball best.

Ⅲ. 完形填空。(10分)

Swimming is very popular. People like16in summer because water makes people feel17 . If you like swimming but swim in a wrong place, it may be18 . These years, a lot of people19when they were20themselves in the water, and most of them were students. Some people are not21in swimming. They often think they swim so well that22will happen to them in the water. Summer is here again. If you23swimming this summer, don’t get into water when you are24 . If there is a “No Swimming ”sign, still don’t get into water. If you remember these, swimming25safe. Swimming is good for your health. ( )16.A.boating B.running C.swimming D.skating ( )17.A.hot B.cool C.cold D.warm ( )18.A.dangerous B.happy C.safe D.danger ( )19.A.dying B.died C.dead D.death ( )20.A.enjoying B.enjoyed C.helping D.helped ( )21.A.careless B.care C.careful D.carefully ( )22.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something ( )23.A.will go B.go C.goes D.went ( )24.A.alone B.lonely C.safe D.danger ( )25.A.is B.be C.will be D.will Ⅳ.阅读理解。(30分)

(A)

In almost every big university in the United States, football is a favorite sport. American football is not like soccer.

Players sometimes kick(踢) the ball, but they also throw(扔) the ball and run with it. They try to ta

ke it to the other end of the field; they have four chances to move the ball ten yards(码). They can carry it or throw it. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points. This is called a touch-down(持球触地).

It’s difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the team try to stop the man who has the ball. If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball to the other team.

Thousands of people come to watch. They all yell for their favorite team. They dance and jump while they yell. Each team plays ten or eleven games each season. The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another season ends. The best teams play again on January the first. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.

( )26.In America, football players can _______. A.only kick the ball B.only throw the ball C.only carry the ball D.kick, throw and carry the ball ( )27.There are _______ on each team. A.ten players B.eleven players C.twelve players D.thirteen players ( )28.If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team has to _______. A.go home B.carry the ball ten yards C.run with it D.kick the ball to the other team ( )29.The best teams play again _______. A.on Christmas B.after the season ends C.on New Year’s Day D.on Sunday ( )30.The underlined word “yell” in the passage means “_______”. A.shout(喊) loudly B.jump C.talk loudly D.sing

(B)

2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut (初次亮相) on October 23,2002 and got 6 points for the Houston Rockets in the game. The next day, he scored 16 points in another game.

Yao Ming, 22, has been a star in China for some time, but it is still under question as to whether he can play well in the NBA. Yao Ming said,“When you watch it on TV, it looks very easy. But when you are playing in the NBA , it is really difficult.”He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new start and a new challenge.“I hope that through very hard work I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets win more games.”he said.

Yao Ming can speak some English. Both he and his teammates can understand each other. They don’t think there is a language problem. They say that Yao Ming is one of the best players in their team. They all like him.

( )31.On October 23, 2002, Yao Ming played his _______ game in the NBA. A.first B.second C.third D.fourth ( )32.Yao Ming scored _______ points in the first two games for the Houston Rockets. A.6 B.13 C.22 D.28 ( )33.Yao Ming thinks that _______. A.it is boring to play basketball

B.playing in the NBA is not easy C.it is difficult to watch NBA games on TV D.he is an NBA star

( )34.From the passage we can learn that _______. A.Yao Ming often watches TV B.Yao Ming will work hard for his team C.Yao Ming is a very strong player D.The Rockets has lost several games ( )35.What’s the passage? A.An ad B.A noticeC.An instruction D.A news report

(C)

Ai Fukuhara (福原爱),the Japanese table tennis star, was born on Nov.11, 1988. She started playing ping-pong when she was three. At that time, she was too small. She couldn’t see over the tabletop (桌面). She had to stand on boxes to play against adults (成人) in exhibition (展览)

game after thematches.

Now she is a very famous player. But she still works very hard and she practices for five hours a day during the week after morning school lessons and eight hours a day at the weekend.

In May 2003, Fukuhara made the quarterfinals (四分之一决赛) of the World Championships. At the age of 15, she was the youngest player for Japan at the 2004 Olympic Games. She joined the Liaoning Club in 2005.

“I hope I can learn from my Chinese teammates and improve (改善) my preparation for the 2008 Olympics.”said Ai Fukuhara. 根据短文内容,完成表格。 Name Ai Fukuhara Birthday Nov.11, 1988 Nationality 36._______

Job

ping-pong player

Career

joined 37.___________________ in 2003 joined 38.___________________ in 2004 joined 39. ___________________ in 2005 Words or phrases to describe her

40. ___________________

第三部分 写作 (25分)

Ⅰ.词汇。(10分)

(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。 1.Let’s c_______ Liu Xiang on.

2.Work hard, and your f_______ is not a dream. 3.Things are looking p_______ good.

4.The Big Big World is a very p_______ song.

5.My grandma is old. There is something wrong with her h_______. (B)用所给词的适当形式填空。

6.I _______ (grow) up in the countryside. 7.Jane prefers _______ (cycle).

8.Running can help you keep _______ (health).

9.Xiao Ming broke the men 800-meter-race _______ (record) at the school sports meeting. 10.Ann is going to go _______ (skate) with her classmates tomorrow. Ⅱ.综合填空。(5分) 用所给词或词组的适当形式填空,其中有两项多余。

stay in, play against, with, and, bad, win, cheer up

Receiver: Li Dong @ hotmail.com Copy:

Subject: Yao Ming arrived in Shanghai

Dear Li Dong,

How is everything these days? I miss you very much.

I’m glad to tell you that Yao Ming arrived in Shanghai11his teammates yesterday. The China’s National Team12the South Korea Team. I hope they will13

the match. Their fans are very excited. They sang and danced happily. It’s too14that they aren’t going to15Shanghai for long. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrowPlease write to me back soon!

Yours, Wu Ming

Ⅲ.书面表达。(10分)

下面是Ann的锻炼计划,请根据图片和时间提示,写一篇60词左右的短文,注意要有一定的感想。

年级英语Unit 8 Topic 1集体备课资料一、背景知识谈天气英国人花那么多时间去讨论天气令中国人十分不解。首先是由于英国所处的地理位置使英国具有别国所不具备的特殊气候特点。英国的气候一年之中有半年是绵绵的阴雨天,其首都伦敦天气有时一天可有四次变化,早晨的伦敦经常大雾弥漫,伸手五指依稀可辩,有时白天竟然如同黑夜一般,“雾都”由此而得名。更主要的原因是因为他们不愿意同不熟悉的人谈论诸如年龄、收入、家庭等个人隐私。在公共场合以谈论天气作为谈话的开场白,既管用又不得罪人,而且它还有活跃气氛,打破冷场或由此及彼引出话题等功能,一般不是为谈天气而谈天气。所以,谈天气,对英国人而言是在一起聊天时的起始话题,它丝毫不会涉及到双方的隐私,不会引起误解或出现尴尬的局面。二、教材分析本单元三个话题相对独立,其中第一个话题和第二个话题是本单元的重点内容,包含本单元大部分的语法和功能话题。贴近学生生活,是本单元的特点,它通过对天气、假期、旅游及节目的谈论,给学生提供一个表达自我感受的平台。同时在这一过程中,培养学生独立思考的能力,让学生去亲身体验,互动交流,创造性地学习。而第一个话题是通过“天气”这个中心词展开。其中又分为几个子话题,如谈论四季及四季的气候特征,适合做的运动,还谈及到天气变化,天气预报等。子话题相对独立又相辅相成组成一个有机整体。所以我们在教学的过程中,要运用好他们的独立与联系,做到系统的教学。三、话题教学目标 1.语言知识目标词汇 Weather、 spring、warm、season、summer、mountain、winter、 cold、rain, Ground、snow、cloudy、 snowy、 sunny、 windy、 rainy、 bright、 quite、wet、 dry、 low、 temperature、from...to...、holiday、 remember、 wear、 part、 sun、 shine、brightly、 shorts、 suddenly、 spend、as、 the same as、travel、overcoat、if、report、come back to life、busy、leaf 日常交际用语 ⑴、What’s the weather like in spring ? --------It’s warm. ⑵、How is the weather in fall ? --------It’s cool. ⑶、?, Which season do you like best, spring, summer, fall, or winter? ?, I like summer best. ⑷、What do you think of the weather today? --------It’s nice and warm. ⑸、What’s the temperature, do you know? --------The low temperature is 20℃ and the high temperature is 25℃. ⑹、How was the weather yesterday? --------It was cloudy/rainy/sunny? 重点句型 What’s the weather like in summer? Which season do you like best? What are they doing? It’s best time to do sth. Winter lasts from December to February. 语法复习比较级、最高级的构成,就季节问题引出含比较级和最高级的句子。掌握询问和描述天气的表达方式: What’s the weather like?/ How is the weather?? 2、语言技能目标 ⑴、能听懂并谈论四季和天气状况的对话和短文。 ⑵、能使用英语谈论季节和天气。 ⑶、能读懂一些简单的与季节、天气相关的课外材料。 ⑷、能写出谈论和描述四季和天气状况的句子和短文。 3、情感态度与价值观 ⑴、感受天气变化带给我们的乐趣。 ⑵、在小组活动中积极与他人合作,互相帮助,共同完成学习任务。 ⑶、乐于接触、了解并尊重异国文化。四、教学重难点本话题的重点是对四季及天气的谈论,所以教学的重点应该是询问和描述天气的表达方式以及对四季的描述。而难点应该是灵活运用表示天气的词语进行说话,其中就有一个“名词+y →形容词”的构词法。比如:cloud→cloudy(多云的)、rain→rainy(下雨的)、sun→sunny(晴天的)、fog→foggy(多雾的)、snow→snowy(下雪的)。会写简单的天气预报。五、学生及教师准备学生学习准备:课前了解西方人的语言习惯以及中西方文化差异,做好本话题的预习工作。在教学1C的时候,课前要求学生将1c各词制作成卡片。卡片上尽量显示图画和单词两部分。教师教学准备:1、四张教学挂图。每张的上方分别标有春、夏、秋、冬四个英语单词,挂图背面标有暖、热、凉、冷四个英语单词,下方有hiking,swimming, climb mountains, make a snowman 短语。2、制作天气预报简图,简图上标明北京当天的天气及最高温度和最低温度。3、一张世界天气预报图。4、四幅反映四季自然界不同变化的教学挂图。当然,有条件的老师可以找一些课件,利用课件来完成这一部分的教学,使教学过程形象生动,将会取得更好的效果。给老师们提供下课件的网址: 12999英语站:http://en.12999.com。六、下面具体说一下每个Section教师应该注意讲解的地方: Section A 1.询问天气的两种方式:What’s the weather like?/ How is the weather??其中like后可接时间或地点,起答语可用表示天气情况的形容词或动词。 2.句型:“ It+be+n.+to do/for doing ?”

这/那是做某事的?。 3.learn to do sth. 学做某事,以及learn 的拓展用法。 4.When 引导的时间壮语从句。 Section B 1.名词+y →形容词 2.询问气温多少度用疑问词What而不能用How many或How much来问,类似的用法还有询问两数相加是多少。如:What’s 6 plus 6? Section C 1.plan to do sth. 计划做某事。 2.if引导的条件状语从句。 3.remember to do sth 意为“记得做某事”强调这件事还没有做。remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”强调这件事已经做过,现在还记得它。其中forget 的用法与它一样。 4.“穿,戴”的表达。wear 是行为动词、put on强调穿的动作、be in强调穿的状态、而dress意为“给?穿衣” 5.系动词get的用法,后跟形容词做表语。类似的动词还有become、look等 Section D 1.大雨、大雪以及大风的表达:rain heavily 下大雨,a heavy rain 一场大雨,snow heavily 下大雪,a heavy snow 一场大雪,blow hard 刮大风,a strong wind 一场大风。 2.The TV says the weather is fine. 此句是个宾语从句,The TV says是主句,the weather is fine.是从句,其中连接词that 被省略了。 3.return 的用法。七、教学讨论本话题涉及到的从句比较多,在教学过程中,我们农村英语教师大多数都不是英语专业的专职教师,对英语的教学只有通过自己的对英语的理解来加以教学,至于教学方法尽管都在努力学习新理念,新教法,都是自己在探索,在很多方面与专业教师有很大的差距。加上从未接受专业性的学习,因此,在某些英语知识上就有很大的欠缺,就比如这个从句,又分很多种,我自己都没搞懂多少,在教学生的时候又该怎么向他们讲解呢?有没有哪位老师有好方法?另外,在英语教学中,我的困惑很多,提出来请大家帮我解决解决。 1. 所谓“书读百遍,其义自现。”在英语教学中,我认为朗读也非常重要,特别是要让学生大声地朗读。这样,学生不但能朗读出英语的语音语调,而且也能体会出句子的意思。平时的教学中,我观察到,肯大声地朗读的学生的英语是差不了的,而差的往往是一些嘴巴都懒得动的学生,对于这样的学生,我觉得有点束手无策了,无论你怎么引导或鼓励他。他就是一言不发,怎么办呢?碰到这种情况,我都会被他们给急死了,但也毫无办法。有时反复地教学五六个单词,可有些人一节课下来,一个都不会,真叫人心寒!早自习的时候我也尽量要求他们大声的读,可读的人很少,即使有人在读,声音也小的差点连他自己都听不到,不知道各位同仁在遇到这样的情况,你们是怎么解决的? 2.两极分化严重,从几次测验中都可以看出,爱学英语的那两三学生的英语成绩不错,可把他们一排除开,剩下的就非常糟糕了,其中也有几个在学英语的,可不知道是他们的方法有问题还是其他的什么原因,考试成绩老不理想,跟那几个好点的学生差了一大截。再剩下的就完全没有办法了,我观察了一下,他们考试都用抓阄的方式,写上A,B,C,D然后乱抓,抓到哪个就填哪个。到这学期,差的几乎就开始不学,加上班上还有些特别的调皮生,班上整个的学习氛围已大不如刚入初中时的学习氛围了。面对这种学生,我们该用什么方法培养他们重新学习的兴趣,从而转变班上学习英语的风气。

篇三:英语课件

1.

人称代词:第一人称 第二人称第三人称

主格 I we youyouhe sheitthey

宾格 me us youyouhimherit them

物主代词 :第一人称 第二人称第三人称

形容词性my our your your his heritstheir

名词性 mineours yours yours his hers its theirs

2.句子成分(Members of a Sentence)

为什么又要分词类(parts of speech),又要分句子成分呢?两者关系密切,但两者是不同的概念。同一个词类可以在句中充当不同的成分,同一个句子成分也可以由不同的词类来担任。

什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。 英语句子成分中,有些具有形态标志。如第一人称代词作主语就用主格"I",作宾语用宾格"me",作定语用所有格"my"。这些形态变化对分析辨认成分很有帮助。

汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多,实际上有不少差别。例如:

(1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.

小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。

(2) I'll go when I have had my dinner.

我吃了饭就去。

在英语中,同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略,必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中,同一个主语在句中第二次出现时,就可以省略。如例(1)中,汉语说"小李回家后立刻

就睡觉了",省去了第二个分句的主语,倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来,说成"小李回家后,他立刻就睡觉了"。听的人反而可能把那个"他"误会成另一个人。把句子的各个成分搞清楚,也就是把句子各部分的关系搞清楚。做到这一点,才可以准确地理解句子的意思或造出结构正确、意思明白的句子。有一点要注意,在分析句子结构时,应该抓住主要成分。我们分析句子结构,划分句子成分无非是为了理解,或者是为了造句。这个目的达到了就行了,不必过于细致,更不要钻牛角尖,否则就会事倍功半。各种语言有各自的规则、各自的习惯,而且语言是很灵活的东西,发展过程也很复杂,很难把语法的现象都做出明确、统一的解释来。在使用一种语言时,语法应让位于习惯。符合习惯的,有时尽管不符合语法,也是正确的。英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:

一: S V (主+谓)

二: S V P (主+谓+表)

三: S V O (主+谓+宾)

四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

五: S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

基本句型 一

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S │ V (不及物动词)

1. The sun │was shining.

2. The moon │rose.

3. The universe │remains.

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink.

5. Who │cares?

6. What he said │does not matter.

7. They │talked for half an hour.

8. The pen │writes smoothly

1. 太阳在照耀着。

2. 月亮升起了。

3. 宇宙长存。

4. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. 管它呢?

6. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型 二

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

S │V(是系动词)│ P

1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.

2. The dinner │smells │good.

3. He │fell │in love.

4. Everything │looks │different.

5. He │is growing │tall and strong.

6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money.

7. Our well │has gone │dry.

8. His face │turned │red.

1. 这是本英汉辞典。

2. 午餐的气味很好。

3. 他堕入了情网。

4. 一切看来都不同了。

5. 他长得又高又壮。

6. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。

7. 我们井干枯了。

8. 他的脸红了。

基本句型 三

此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。

S │V(及物动词)│ O

1. Who │knows │the answer?

2. She │smiled │her thanks.

3. He │has refused │to help them.

4. He │enjoys │reading.

5. They │ate │what was left over.

6. He │said │"Good morning."

7. I │want │to have a cup of tea.

8. He │admits │that he was mistaken.

1. 谁知道答案?

2. 她微笑表示感谢。

3. 他拒绝帮他们。

4. 他喜欢看书。

5. 他们吃了剩饭。

6. 他说:"早上好!"

7. 我想喝杯茶。

8. 他承认犯了错误。

基本句型 四

此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词被省略。

S │V(及物)│ o(多指人) │ O(多指物)

1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress.

2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal.

3. He │brought │you │a dictionary.

4. He │denies │her │nothing.

5. I │showed │him │my pictures.

6. I │gave │my car │a wash.

7. I │told │him │that the bus was late.

8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine.

1. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

2. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。

3. 他给你带来了一本字典。

4. 他对她什么都不拒绝。

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