广州中考真题网
篇一：2015年广州中考英语真题及答案(WORD版)
广州市2015年初中毕业生学业考试
英语
本试卷分共五大题，12页，满分135分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个标号涂黑。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡和对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、听力（共两节，满分35分）
第一节听力理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅读。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、
B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听下面一段对话，回答第1～3三个小题。 1. Where does the talk take place?
A. At school. B. At Kelly’s house. C. At Jason’s house.
2. What is the talk mainly about?
A. Ways to improve the environment.
B. The school project they were given.
C. The reasons Jason wasn’t at school.
3. What do the speakers finally decide to do?
A. To clean up the river. B. To do some tree planting. C. To help the school save water.
听下面一段对话，回答第4～6三个小题。
4. Who is listening to the talk?
A. Teachers. B. University students. C. New workers.
5. Why does the speaker think that he is very lucky?
A. He works for a large company.
B. He has a well-paid job.
C. He does something he loves.
6. What kind of person does a boss prefer?
A. Someone from a famous university.
B. Someone with work experience.
C. Someone who likes using computers.
听下面一段对话，回答第7～9三个小题。
7. How much did the man give the woman in total?
A. $25. B. $32. C. $42.
8. Where will the man go after the talk?
A. To a meeting B. To a restaurant. C. To his hotel room.
9. What can we guess about the man from the talk?
A. He works at the Star City Hotel.
B. He does not know the area well.
C. He often eats at this restaurant.
听下面一段对话，回答第10～12三个小题。
10. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To report on a natural disaster.
B. To ask the government for help.
C. To collect money for people in need.
11. How long have the people in the countryside suffered from little rain?
A. Ten years. B. One year. C. Two months.
12. How does China Aid plan to help the farmers?
A. By giving seeds to them. B. By buying water for them. C. By sending books to their children. 听下面一段话，回答第13~15三个小题。
13. What has the girl prepared for breakfast?
A. Coffee, eggs and chocolate. B. Bread, eggs and cake. C. Cake, milk and tea.
14. How did the girl pay for the gifts?
A. With her own cash. B. With her bank card. C. With her father’s bank card.
15. What did the girl do last night?
A. She damaged her father’s car. B. She bought her father movie tickets.
C. She booked a table at a restaurant.
第二节听取信息（共5小题；每小题 1分，满分5分）
听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为A~E的空格中。听录音前，你将有15秒钟的阅题时间。录音播放两遍。你将有80秒钟的作答时间。
二、语言知识及运用（共两节，满分20分） 第一节单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从16~25各题所级的A、B、C和D项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
16. Hurry up, kids! The school bus is coming. We have ______ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
17. Sarah, you’d better drink more water after ______ for such a long time.
A. run B. runs C. to run D. running
18. Emma looked after her pet dog ______ of all her friends.
A. careful B. most careful C. more carefully D. the most carefully
19. The weather forecast says that ______ another storm tomorrow.
A. there will have B. there will be C. there has D. there has been
20. The stories ______ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.
A. that B. those C. who D. what
21. Miss Brown, we ______ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?
A. finish B. finishing C. are finished D. have finished
22. The boy looked ______ because he didn’t pass his maths exam.
A. sad B. sadness C. saddest D. sadly
23. Many houses ______ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.
A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaging D. are damaged
24. --- ______will the invitations be sent to our guests? --- In three days.
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far
25. Could you tell me ______ a moment ago?
A. what were they talking about B. what are they talking about
C. what they were talking about D. what they are talking about
第二节语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从26~35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once, a king loved music so much that he searched the world for the best instrument. One day, a 竖琴).
rubbish.
to have a try. She played and played, the whole day through, for months and years. The music she harp, and could only be played well by someone who would put in the necessary effort.
The king heard the music from his window, and called the girl to the palace. When the king saw that joy. At that moment he made the girl his own private , giving her and her family many riches.
26. A. offer B. offers C. offered D. has offered
27. A. when B. before C. if D. because
28. A. another B. other C. others D. the other
29. A. used B. using C. useless D. uselessness
30. A. late B. lately C. latest D. later
31. A. played B. to play C. playing D. to playing
32. A. so B. and C. or D. but
33. A. a B. an C. the D. /
34. A. in B. of C. by D. with
35. A. music B. musical C. musician D. musically
三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing competitions.
the huge
amount of rubbish in the world’s oceans. When he returned to Australia, he to do something about it. called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour.” On Sunday, January 8, 1989,
away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a .
Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got cleaned up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australia’s beaches, parks and streets.
with the success of his project. In 2003, he started an even bigger program. With tions Environment Program, he introduced “Clean Up the World”, an
international program that supports communities around the world in cleaning up and protecting the
environment. “Clean Up the World” has grown and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.
36. A. save B. collect C. notice D. produce
37. A. refused B. decided C. pretended D. stopped
38. A. law B. party C. company D. event
39. A. clear B. send C. turn D. give
40. A. problem B. success C. surprise D. failure
41. A. culture B. project C. government D. environment
42. A. older B. smaller C. bigger D. faster
43. A. happy B. angry C. disappointed D. concerned
44. A. need B. help C. hope D. action 4
5. A. loudly B. gently C. rapidly D. busily
四、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所级的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（A）
This is a tale of two friends --- one is blind, the other has no arms. On their own, the two are
“disabled”. But together, they are a powerful team that has changed part of their village in North China’s Hebei Province into a rich, green forest. Meet 53-year-old Jia Haixia and Jia Wenqi!
Their story began in 2000, when Haixia, who was already blind in his right eye, lost his left one after an illness. Wenqi lost his arms in an accident when he was just three. Neither
could find a job, so the two decided to team up. They rented some poor land and began to plant trees. In return, the local officials paid them a small fee. Haixia and Wenqi never imagined that they would end up creating an environmental paradise. Their forest now has over 10,000 trees, hundreds of birds and many other wild animals. In addition, it saves the village from river flooding during the rainy season. When the friends work together, they focus on their strengths not their disabilities. Their day begins at 7 a.m. when the sightless Haixia carries Wenqi across the river to get to their worksite. Since they cannot afford to buy young trees to plant, the two use branches from existing trees. Haixia climbs to the tree-top and with Wenqi’s direction, selects the perfect branch. He then digs a hole and carefully plants it. Finally Wenqi waters the area.
Though hard-working, the men don’t make much money. But as Wenqi puts it, “
Neither Haixia nor Wenqi cares about money. Together, they already have everything they need --- a perfect pair of eyes, two strong hands, and the best friendship in the world!
46. Why did Haixia and Wenqi start working together?
A. Haixia needed someone to help him. B. They both needed a way to make money.
C. They wanted to improve the environment. D. They were required to do so by local offcials.
47. Haixia and Wenqi’s forest has helped the village by______ .
A. stopping floods in the rainy season B. increasing the number of tourists
C. making the villagers richer D. providing more farmland
48. Why do Haixia and Wenqi plant tree branches?
A. They are easy to get. B. They do not cost money.
C. They can grow very quickly. D. They are preferred by animals.
49. In paragraph 5, when Wenqi says “We stand on our own feet, so the fruits of our work taste sweeter”, he means that “______”.
A. they hope to make the forest even better B. the fruits from their trees are very sweet
C. they are proud not to depend on others D. they are able to do any difficult work
50. What can we learn from this story?
A. Never give up and you will succeed. B. We should help the disabled to work.
C. Try your best when facing difficulties. D. We can achieve more with teamwork.
（B）
Most of us probably live without vegetables, but a world without chocolate? Now that would be hard! According to chocolate makers it could happen if we don’t act soon.
There are two main causes of the chocolate shortage --- chocolate’s growing popularity and less production of cocoa, the plant from which chocolate is made. With more and more people in India and China loving chocolate, not much can be done about the first cause.
Therefore, the only thing we can do is to increase cocoa production. However, new plant diseases and little rain in Ivory Coast and Ghana, the world’s largest producers, have reduced cocoa production by 40 percent in the past 10 years. What’s worse, many cocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoa-producing countries like Indonesia and Venezuela are changing to easier-to-grow crops such as corn or rubber. This way, the farmers can make more money. To prevent more farmers from changing, researchers at the newly opened International Cocoa
Control Centre, in the UK, are trying to create new cocoa plants that are stronger and faster growing. But first they must make sure the new plants are safe to grow. This takes a long time.
First, each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy. It is then planted in the Centre’s fields, studied and tested for another two years. Only after scientists are certain that they’re disease-free, will the plants be sent to farmers in West Africa or wherever else they are needed.
To create new stronger types of cocoa, scientists at the Centre are combining the best parts from different cocoa plants. Though the world is facing a serious chocolate shortage, there is now hope!
51. The first paragraph tells us that______.
A. chocolate is healthier than vegetables B. the world could soon be without chocolate
C. people love vegetables more than chocolate D. it’s not necessary to eat so much chocolate
52. In which countries has chocolate become more popular in recent years?
A. Venezuela and Indonesia. B. Ivory Coast and Ghana.
C. Indonesia and China. D. China and India.
53. Cocoa farmers are choosing to grow rubber and corn because these crops______.
A. can make them more money B. need less rain to grow
C. can be planted more times each year D. are not damaged by plant diseases
54. How long does it take scientists at the Centre to make sure a cocoa plant is safe to grow?
篇二：2015年广州市中考数学题含详细答案(Word版)
2015年广州初中毕业生学业考试
数学
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共三大题25小题，共4页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟.
第一部分 选择题（共30分）
一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分，在每小题给出的四个
选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.） 1.四个数-3.14，0，1，2中为负数的是（ ） （A）-3.14 （B）0 （C）1 （D）2
2.将图1所示的图案以圆心为中心，旋转180°后得到的图案是（ ）
（A）（B） （C） （D） 图1
3.已知⊙O的半径是5，直线l是⊙O的切线，在点O到直线l的距离是（ ） （A）2.5（B）3（C）5 （D）10
4.两名同学进行了10次三级蛙跳测试，经计算，他们的平均成绩相同，若要比较这两名同学的成绩哪一位更稳定，通常还需要比较他们的成绩的（ ） （A）众数 （B）中位数（C）方差 （D）以上都不对 5.下列计算正确的是（ ）
（A）ab?ab?2ab（B）(2a)3?2a3
（C
）?3(a?0)（D
a?0,b?0) 6.如图2是一个几何体的三视图，则这几何体的展开图可以是（ ）
（A） （B） （C） （D）
?a?5b?12
7.已知a,b满足方程组?，则a?b的值为（ ）
?3a?b?4（A）-4 （B）4 （C）-2 （D）2 8.下列命题中，真命题的个数有（ ） ①对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形 ②两组对角分别相等的四边形是平行四边形
③一组对边平行，另一组对边相等的四边形是平行四边形 （A）3个 （B）2个 （C）1个 （D）0个
9.已知圆的半径
是 ） （A
）（B
）（C
）（D
）
10.已知2是关于x的方程x2?2mx?3m?0的一个根，并且这个方程的两个根恰好是等腰三角形ABC的两条边长，则三角形ABC的周长为（ ） （A）10 （B）14 （C）10或14（D）8或10
第二部分 非选择题（共120分）
二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，满分18分.） 11.如图3，AB∥CD，直线l分别与AB，CD相交， 若∠1=50°，则∠2的度数为 .
12.根据环保局公布的广州市2013年至2014年PM2.5的主要来源的数据，制成扇形统计图（如图4），其中所占百分 比最大的主要来源是.（填主要来源的名称） 13.分解因式：2ax?6ay= .
14.某水库的水位在5小时内持续上涨，初始水位高度为6米，水位以每小时0.3米的速度匀速上升，则水库的水位y与上涨时间x之间的函数关系是 .
15.如图5，?ABC中，DE是BC的垂直平分线，DE交AC于点E，连接BE，若BE=9，BC=12，则
cosC=.
燃煤
其他
19%
生物8.燃烧
6%生活来源10.扬20.6%
5%21.7%
机动车尾气
工业工
艺源
16.如图6，四边形ABCD中，∠A=90°，
AB=AD=3，点M，N分别为线段BC，AB上的动点（含端点，但点M不与点B重合），点E，F分别为DM，MN的中点，则EF 长度的最大值为 。
三、解答题（本大题共9小题，满分102分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）
17.（本小题满分9分）解方程：5x?3(x?4).
18.（本小题满分9分）如图7，正方形ABCD中，点E、F分别在AD，CD上，且
AE=DF，连接BE，AF.求证：BE=AF.
x2?2x?1x
?19.（本小题满分10分）已知A?.
x2?1x?1
（1）化简A；
?x?1?0
（2）当x满足不等式组?，且x为整数时，求A的值.
x?3?0?
20.（本小题满分10分）已知反比例函数y?
m?7
的图象的一支位于第一象限. x
（1）判断该函数图象的另一支所在的象限，并求m的取值范围；
（2）如图8，O为坐标原点，点A在该反比例函数位于第一象限的图象上，点
B与点A关于x轴对称，若?OAB的面积为6，求m的值.
21.（本小题满分12分）
某地区2013年投入教育经费2500万元，2015年投入教育经费3025万元. （1）求2013年至2015年该地区投入教育经费的年平均增长率；
（2）根据（1）所得的年平均增长率，预计2016年该地区将投入教育经费多少
万元.
22.（本小题满分12分）
4件同型号的产品中，有1件不合格品和3件合格品.
（1）从这4件产品中随机抽取1件进行检测，求抽到的是不合格品的概率；
（2）从这4件产品中随机抽取2件进行检测，求抽到的都是合格品的概率； （3）在这4件产品中加入x件合格品后，进行如下试验：随机抽取1件进行检测，然后放回，多次重复这个试验.通过大量重复试验后发现，抽到合格品的频率稳定在0.95，则可以推算出x的值大约是多少？
23.（本小题满分12分）
如图9，AC是⊙O的直径，点B在⊙O上，∠ACB=30°.
（1）利用尺规作∠ABC的平分线BD，交AC于点E，交⊙O于点D，连接CD（保留作图痕迹，不写作法）；
（2）在（1）所作的图形中，求?ABE与?CDE的面积之比.
篇三：2015年广州中考化学真题及答案(WORD版)
2015年广州初中毕业生学业考试
化 学
第一部分 选择题 共40分
一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分）
1. 下列关于空气的说法正确的是
A. 空气的主要成分是氮气和氧气
B. 空气中氮气体积分数约为21%
C. 空气中PM2.5含量高说明空气质量好
D. 洁净的空气是纯净物
2. 下列变化中属于化学变化的是
A. 把湿的衣服晒干 B. 把水壶内水垢用食醋洗去
C. 把石蜡加热熔化 D. 把棉线织成布
3. 铝合金、氧化铝、硫酸铝三种物质的分类正确的是
A. 混合物、氧化物、盐 B. 单质、混合物、盐
C. 盐、氧化物、纯净物 D. 混合物、盐、化合物
4. 是某原子的结构示意图，下列关于该原子的描述正确的是
A. 容易得到电子 B. 属于非金属原子 C. 核电荷数为11 D. 最外层电子数为11
5. 下图表示广州市家用燃料使用的发展历程（括号内表示主要成分），下列说法错误的是
A. 煤中主要含有碳元素，还含有氢、硫等元素，煤是清洁燃料
B. 液化石油气是石油化工的一种产品
C. 家用燃料燃烧时均放出热量
D. 煤、石油、天然气都是化石燃料
6. 有关乙醇（C2H5OH）的说法正确的是
A. 乙醇是食醋的主要成分
B. C2H5OH中C、H、O元素的质量比是2：6：1
C. 乙醇不能溶于水
D. C2H5OH中C元素的质量分数是
7. 下列化学反应属于复分解反应是
化学试卷 第 - 1 - 页
8. 常温下，下列说法错误的是
A. pH=2的溶液显酸性 B. pH=7的溶液显中性
C. 溶液的pH由5变成2，其酸性减弱 D. pH＞10的土壤不适于种植农作物，因为碱性太强
9. 如右图，将充满CO2的试管倒扣在滴有紫色石蕊的蒸馏水中，一段时间后，下列实验现象描述正确的是
①试管内液面上升 ②试管内溶液变红 ③试管内液面不上升 ④试管内溶液变蓝
⑤试管内溶液不变色
A. ①② B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ③⑤
10. 下列关于物质性质及用途的描述中，错误的是
A. 碳具有还原性，可冶炼金属 B. 氧气具有氧化性，可作为燃料
C. 氮气的化学性质稳定，可作为保护气 D. 石灰石受热分解，可用于制备生石灰
11. 下列常见仪器的使用正确的是
A. 量筒可用作中和反应的容器 B. 烧杯加热时应放置在石棉网上
C. 温度计可用于搅拌溶液 D. 熄灭酒精灯，可用灯帽盖灭，也可用嘴吹灭
12. 下列说法正确的是
A. CO(NH2)2 属于复合化肥B. 青少年正在长身体，应多吃富含蛋白质的肉类，不吃蔬菜
C. 葡萄糖在人体内缓慢氧化，同时放出能量 D. 为了促进农作物的生长，可以大量施用化肥 13. 用右图所示装置探究燃烧的条件，有关该实验的说法正确的是
A. 该实验只能得出燃烧需要氧气这一结论 B. 该实验使用了相同的可燃物
C. 该实验现象是铜片上的白磷不燃烧，红磷燃烧 D. 该实验说明燃烧需要达到可燃物的着火点 14. 保护环境，节约资源，从我做起。下列做法符合这一理念的是
A. 生活污水直接排放到河涌中 B. 垃圾分类回收处理
C. 自来水价格便宜，可以尽情使用 D. 废旧电池掩埋在土壤中
15. 下列物品所使用的材料中，不属于有机合成材料的是
化学试卷 第 - 2 - 页
16. 下列有关铁的说法错误的是
A. 参考右图信息，铁的相对原子质量为
26
B. 生铁和钢是常见的铁合金
C. 铁钉在潮湿的空气中容易生锈，因此钢铁的使用要注意防锈
D. 用赤铁矿高炉炼铁的化学反应方程式是
17. 下列除去少量杂质的方法正确的是
A. Zn粉中含少量的ZnO：加入足量稀H2SO4充分反应后过滤
B. Cu(NO3)2溶液中含少量AgNO3：加入足量Cu屑充分反应后过滤
C. Na2SO4溶液中含少量H2SO4：加入足量Ba(OH)2充分反应后过滤
D. CaCO3固体中含少量Na2CO3：加入足量稀HCl充分反应后过滤
18. 下列有关实验操作的“先”与“后”的说法中，正确的是
A. 制取气体时，先装药品，后检查装置的气密性
B. 加热KClO3并用排水法收集O2实验结束时，先熄灭酒精灯，后移出导管
C. 稀释浓硫酸时，先把浓硫酸倒入烧杯中，后沿器壁缓慢注入水，边加边搅拌
D. 加热试管时，先使试管底部均匀受热，后用酒精灯的外焰固定加热
19. 从中获取的信息错误的是
A. 在反应前后，元素的种类没有变化 B. 在常温下氢气与氧气混合就可以发生反应
C. 4g氢气与32g氧气完全反应，可以生成36g水 D. 在反应前后，氢原子和氧原子的数目都没有改变 20. 下列实验操作、现象与结论均正确的是
化学试卷 第 - 3 - 页
第二部分 非选择题（共60分）
二、本题包括5小题，共32分
21. (6分) 化学是在原子、分子的水平上研究物质及其变化规律。请回答下列关于水与过氧化氢（H2O2）的问题：
（1）H2O2中氧元素的化合价为__________。
（2）1个过氧化氢分子中含有__________个H，__________个O。
（3）写出下列反应的化学方程式：
①水通电后分解：____________________； ②过氧化氢分解：___________________。
（4）下列关于它们的说法正确的是__________（填编号）。 ①水、过氧化氢组成元素相同，化学性质也相同
②过氧化氢溶于水得到的物质仍然属于纯净物
③水是生物体内重要的组成物质
④硬水可以使肥皂水产生更多的泡沫
22.（8分）盐酸是一种重要的化工产品，也是实验室中重要的化学试剂。
(1)增大压强，HCI由气态变为液态，从微观的角度分析该变化过程中改变的是 。
(2)在盐酸中加入过量的铁粉充分反应。
①可以看到的现象是________________________________ __________ 。
②右图表示该反应前后溶液中存在的主要离子，
请写出每种图形代表的离子（填离子符号）:
化学试卷 第 - 4 - 页
③下列金属中能与盐酸发生类似反应的是 (填选项)。
A．Cu B. Mg C. Al D. Ag
23.（4分）右图为几种固体的溶解度曲线，回答下列问题：
（1）NaCl的溶解度随温度变化的规律是_________________。
（2）30℃时，KNO3溶液的最大浓度（溶质质量分数）
为______________（只列计算式，不需要计算结果）。
（3）60℃时，10g NaCl和90g KNO3完全溶解于100g蒸馏水， 冷却到30℃后，_________（“有”或“没有”）NaCl析出， 有_______g KNO3结晶析出。
24. （8分）碲（Te）被誉为“现代工业、国防与尖端技术的维生素，创造人间奇迹的桥梁”。实验室模拟提取碲的一个实验是：取某含碲溶液于烧瓶中，加入适量NaC1，加热到一定温度，持续通入SO2，待反应一定时间，过滤得到粗碲。
(1)反应的总化学方程式为： 则X为________(填化学式)。 ，
(2)为探究获得较高粗碲沉淀率的反应条件，某研究小组在控制NaC1浓度和SO2流量不变的条件下，进行下述对比试验，数据如下：
化学试卷 第 - 5 - 页
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